Guardianship, custody & access: Māori perspectives and experiences [pdf, 627 KB]
...exists, the length of the relationship between the whängai and the adopting parents, whether there has been an ōhäkï, the customary values and practices of the iwi or the hapü associated with the land in question and whether those values and practices permit a whängai with or without a blood relationship to their mätua whängai to take interest in land” – Re Hohua see footnote 43, 11. The Court has shown a willingness in such cases to seek expert evidence from those suitably qualifi...